The transferability of 53 pairs of self-incompatible S-RNase genotype identification primers from Rosaceae to kernel-apricot was analyzed in order to provide theoretical reference for S-RNase genotype identification and cross breeding work of kernel-apricot. The results showed that only 12 out of 53 primers had good transferability in kernel-apricot which could be used in S-RNase genotype identification. There was a higher transferability in kernel-apricot of Prunoideae than Maloideae, but the highest was in Armeniaca.

In order to set up the genetic diversity system of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver based on SSR molecular markers, the establishment of SSR-PCR reaction system and screening out SSR marker primer showing high polymorphism were studied. A L9(34) orthogonal design was performed to optimize the main factors of the SSR-PCR reaction system. The results indicated that the best SSR-PCR reaction system for E.ulmoides was DNA template 1 μL (30~60 ng·μL-1), 2×Taq PCR Master Mix 10 μL, primer 1 μL with the total volume of 25 μL. The PCR reaction system had high stability and repeatability, the pairs of SSR primers with high polymorphism were gotten. The 8 E.ulmoides samples' DNA sequence was amplified with 13 pairs of SSR primers by SSR-PCR technique, 34 alleles were detected, 2.6 alleles were detected from per site on average. Each allele's effective number was 1.751 5, and the h value was 0.379 8, the average I value was 0.643 3. This study is helpful in using SSR molecular marker to analyze genetic diversity and genetic relationship in E. ulmoides.

为全面解读杜仲的遗传背景, 本研究在基因组测序(数据未公布)的基础上, 通过MISA软件搜索杜仲基因组(26 947/854 758 160 bp)中的完整型(17核苷酸重复)及复合型SSR序列, 共查找出25 694个Scaffolds含有488 592个SSR位点, 占总Scaffolds的95.3%。从SSR位点分布密度上讲, 平均每1 749 bp出现1个微卫星, 其中单核苷酸重复单元的SSR含量最多, 约占总数的54.34%, 其次为二核苷酸 (20.47%), 而复合模式、三核苷酸、四核苷酸、五核苷酸、六核苷酸和七核苷酸重复分别占20.29%、23.89%、0.77%、0.13%、0.10%和0.01%, 并发现SSR中均以含A、T的重复类型占主导地位。根据SSR位点设计并合成引物290对, 162对SSR引物扩增出清晰的目的条带, 其中16对引物多态性高、稳定性好, 在8份杜仲资源中共检测到84个等位基因, 平均每个SSR位点检测到5.25个等位基因。本研究对于进一步利用SSR分子标记分析杜仲遗传多样性、遗传图谱构建、杜仲雌雄株早期鉴定等具有较高的应用价值。

以杜仲35个无性系为研究材料,以5 a的性状测定数据为基础,对杜仲无性系叶片性状、树皮性状、果实性状、产量进行了遗传参数估计和改良效果分析。结果表明:叶片性状、树皮性状、果实性状、产量性状的重复力均较高,为0. 54～0. 97。表型变异系数叶片性状和树皮性状的较低,而果实性状和产量性状的相对较高。分别根据叶片含胶率、树皮含胶率、果实含胶率和产量筛选出了4个高产胶无性系,其遗传改良效果分析结果表明,叶片含胶率、树皮含胶率、果实含胶率和产量的遗传增益分别为21. 10 %、54. 95%、12. 17%和55. 22%。说明这些性状的遗传改良效果均较好,所筛选出来的无性系可以大大提高产胶量和果实产量,该研究为杜仲高产胶优良无性系的进一步栽培和推广提供了重要的理论依据。